Toddlers are a fascinating and dynamic group. As they transition from infants to young children, they experience significant changes in their cognitive, emotional, and social development. While this stage is marked by exploration and curiosity, it can also bring about challenging behaviors that might leave parents, caregivers, and family members puzzled. In this article, we will explore why children under the age of 2, such as a 20-month-old, may develop behaviors like biting, following objects around, or spitting, and how to navigate this crucial phase of development.
1. Communication Challenges
At around 20 months, children are still developing their language skills. This can lead to frustration when they struggle to express their needs, emotions, or desires. Biting, for example, may be a toddler's way of communicating discomfort or asserting boundaries when they lack the words to do so. It's essential for caregivers to encourage communication through simple words, gestures, or pictures, helping the child express themselves more effectively (Hart B. & Risley T. R., 1995).
2. Curiosity and Exploration
Toddlers are insatiably curious, and they learn by exploring their environment. Following objects around or repeatedly doing the same action can be a manifestation of this curiosity. It's a way for them to understand the cause-and-effect relationships in the world around them. Encouraging safe exploration and providing age-appropriate toys can channel this curiosity positively (Piaget J., 1952).
3. Sensory Exploration
Children at this age are also discovering their sensory preferences. The act of spitting, for instance, can be a sensory exploration – a way for them to experience the texture and taste of saliva. It's crucial to introduce sensory play in a controlled and hygienic manner, offering alternatives that fulfill their sensory needs without disrupting daily routines (Dunn W., 1999).
4. Social Learning
Children are constantly observing and learning from their environment. If they witness certain behaviors, such as spitting or biting, they may imitate them. Caregivers and family members play a vital role in modeling appropriate behavior and providing gentle corrections when needed (Bandura A., 1977).
5. Emotional Expression
Challenging behaviors can also be a way for toddlers to express their emotions, which they are still learning to regulate. Spitting, for example, might be a response to excitement, frustration, or even anxiety. Teaching children about identifying and expressing their emotions in a healthy way is essential during this developmental stage (Saarni C., 1999).
6. Redirecting Behavior
Understanding that these behaviors are part of a child's developmental journey is crucial. Instead of punitive measures, caregivers can employ redirection and positive reinforcement. For instance, when a child bites, gently redirect their attention to an appropriate activity and offer praise for engaging positively.
As children under 2 embark on this incredible journey of self-discovery, it's essential to approach these challenging behaviors with patience and understanding. By recognizing the underlying reasons for these actions and providing guidance, caregivers can support their child's development while fostering a nurturing and positive environment (Berk L. E., 2009).
Conclusion
The challenging behaviors exhibited by children under 2, such as biting, following objects, or spitting, are often a reflection of their developmental stage. By promoting communication, encouraging safe exploration, offering sensory experiences, modeling appropriate behavior, and guiding emotional expression, caregivers can navigate this phase effectively and support the child's growth and development.
References:
- Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (1995). Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children.
- Piaget, J. (1952). The origins of intelligence in children.
- Dunn, W. (1999). Sensory Profile.
- Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory.
- Saarni, C. (1999). The development of emotional competence.
- Berk, L. E. (2009). Child development. Pearson Education.
Post a Comment
Full Name :
Adress:
Contact :
Comment: